Permanent-waving hair curler



Dec. 31, 1929. w. s. LEWIS PERMANENT WAVING HAIR CURLBR Filed May 14,1926 4 INVENTOR ATTORN EY.

Patented Dec. 31, 19 29 W l' S-ILEW S;

Determina t, oHIo, ASSIGNOR TO THE nEs'rLn-Ln Mun COMPANY,

or crinvntnunonro, CORPORATION or'onio rnmvmnnnrwnvrne HAIR contnn 1 1Application filed May 14,

My invention. relates to hair curlers upon which strands of hair arecarried while permanent wavingpoperations are performed.

One of the objects of my invention is topro- .136 vide an'improved haircurler with an outer tubular section rotatable relative to the innersection to which the. hairstrand is anchored, but. wherein the sectionswill retain a given relative rotative position.

Another object of my invention resides in the provision. ofaurlercomprising relatively rotatable sectionswhichmay be readilyassociatedand'disassociated; 1

An0ther objectof my invention is to pro- "l6 vide'an improved two. partcurler comprising a hair strand anchoringpartand a hairwinding part,which may be of difierent metallic materials, wherein thesepartsmay bereadily separated afteruse for cleaning purposes.

Other objects of my, invention and the invention itself willbe apparentby reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

. Fig. 1 showsa slde elevation of an assembled curler comprislngconcentric tubular and rod parts, embodyingmy invention;

i Fig; 2 shows a longitudinal sectional. view through thetube, showingthe rod in elevation. Y

Fig. 3 shows a; side. elevation of the tube detached from th'e'irod andFig. 4c shows a side elevation of the rod with the tube removedtherefrom. Referring to all the figures of the drawing wherein likereference characters designate like parts throughout the specification,at 1, I show a hair curler winding tube upon which the hair may be woundand stretched, and I show a rocl2 shown as generally cylindrical inform, andof slightly less diameter than the 5 interior wall of the tubeand of such greater length than the tube section as to project from theends thereof.

A plurality of these hair curlers are simultaneously employed with apermanent hair waving machine during the waving operation performedtherewith. Since the strands of hair partially support the curlers, thema terial from which the curlers are made is important and necessarilyshould be as light in l -weight as possible in order to reduce the 1925.Serial No. 109,077.

strain on the strands of hair and therefore the discomfort to theindividual whose hair is being waved to a minimum. The rod is thereforeusually made of light material such as aluminum. 1

I find that, during the waving operation, electrolytic action takesplace between the tube and rod which are usually of different metals,the solution employed on the hair during the permanent waving processacting as an electrolyte; a borax solution commonly so used often causesthis action. .Relative rota- I tion of the sections of the curler, aftersuch electrolytic action, therefore becomes exceedingly difficult oftennecessitating the employment of tools in the eifort. The use of tools isvery undesirable, causing denting, and other injuries to the curlersections to such an extent that they must oftenbe replaced with newcurlers. In my improved curler rod, I provide a rod,

2, one end of which is provided with a longi-c.

tudinally extending slot 3 to which the strand of hair is tied, theother end of the rod preferably being flattened to provide a finger grip4. An annular groove 5 is formed in the rod adjacent a shoulder 6 at thegrip end of the rod. The rod has a longitudinal slit 9 extend:

ing through its middle in its intermediate portion, the portions 7 and 8thus formed being spread outwardly, when the rod is free. These portionsare spaced apart to a degree sufficient to cause the outer surfacesthereof to bulge beyond the other rod surface portionsand thus provideresilient clutch surfaces 10 and 11 which bear .frictionally against theinner wall of the tube, being compressed thereby when the tube and rodare assembled. The tension of the clutch relative to the tube can beregulated by the degree to which the spaced portions are preliminarilybowed. The tube is crimped inwardly near one endto make an annularlydepressed portion adapted to enter the rodgroove 5. The tube islongitudinally slit at its crimped end portion. on each side at 13 and15 to permit. resilient spreading of the thus divided portions of thetube end. p

The rod is telescoped into, the tube until the, annular shoulder 12snaps into the annular groove 5. The annular shoulder serves to retainthe sections from relative longitudinal movement. The clutch is socompressed and carried to frictionally engage the inner wall of the tubesection as to create suflicient tension to overcome any unwindingtendency of the hair when stretched which would otherwise effectrelative rotation of the parts.

Ready separation of the tube and rod may now be effected, since thelongitudinally slit tube forms spring arms 16 and 17 which press theannularly depressed grooved parts 12 into the groove 5, of the rod 2,and resiliently retain the same therein. When-desired the tube may beremoved from the rod by gripping the tube in one hand and placing thatend of the rod which is remote from the gripped end against a supportand exerting slight manual force towards the support. The two parts willseparate by virtue of the resilient spreading of the parts 16 and 17 ofthe tube.

A two piece curler of simple construction can be assembled at a very lowcost which can be manually rotated in either direction to stretch thewound hair without relative longitudinal displacement.

In utilizing the curler for waving processes, a strand of hair isgathered from the head, after being treated with a softening solution,and is tied adjacent the scalp by a string which is wedged into the slot3. The strand of hair is then wound either over or under the end of thetube toward the end nearest .the finger grip and tied at the end by astring to the tube. The hair is secured to the rod and to the tube sothat when the tube is held stationary the hair can be stretchedlengthwise by rotating the rod in the same direction as that in whichthe strand is wound upon the tube. When the hair has been sulficientlystretched to change its cross section the clutch will exert suflicientpressure against the tube so that the curler parts will remainrelatively stationary.

Having thus described my invention in a single embodiment, I am awarethat numerous and extensive changes may be made in the same but withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention, and I do not wishto limit myself to the embodiment herein illustrated and described.

What I claim is:

1. A curler comprising a tube element upon which a strand of hair may bewound and tied, a rod element to which the strand is tied, said elementsbeing manually rotatable relatively each to the other,means'intermediate the ends of the tube to frictionally resist relativerotation of the elements, and yielding means to restrain relativelongitudinal movement of the elements.

2. A curler comprising a tube part upon which a strand of hair maybewound and tied, a rod part to which the strand is tied,

said rod and tube being manually rotatable relatively each to the other,means intermediate the ends of the rod to frictionally resist relativerotation of the said parts, the rod having an annular groove adjacentone of its ends, said tube being longitudinally slitted at one end andhaving an inward projection extending from its slitted portion adaptedto be resiliently pressed within the annular groove of the rodsto'enable the parts to be readily separated.

3. A curler comprising a tube element upon which a strand of hair may bewound and tied, a rod element to which the strand is tied, one of saidelements having a bifurcated spring end, the other element beingannular-1y grooved, the groove adapted to receive a pr0- jecting portionof the fork of the other element, the elements being normallyresiliently retained in relative telescoped position by virtue of theresiliency of the fork of the bifurcated element, the parts adapted tobe separated by exerting sufiicient force upon them in oppositedirections to overcome the resilency of said fork.

4. A device of the class described comprising a tube having one endturned inwardly, and having an annular, inwardly extending rib near theother end, and a rod of smaller diameter than the bore of the tubeextending through the tube in close engagement with the said inturnedend and having an annular groove to engage with the said inwardlyextending rib, the said rod being split lengthwise intermediate its endsand distorted to have a spring-like, frictional engagement with theinner surface of the tube.

5. A curler comprising a tube, a rod extending therethrough androtatable therein, and a resilient conneotion'between the tube and therod preventing longitudinal movement of these parts relative to eachother.

' In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature this 10th day ofMay, 1926.

WILBUR s. LEWIS.

